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The Middle of the Revolution

B001223_Zapata-The-Bandit-Who-Ruled-Mexi

Emiliano and the Plan de Ayala

1909-1913

           When the increase of demands for governmental change began to get intense against Diaz, he surprisingly resigned and left Mexico. However, he made the conflict in Mexican society worse by appointing Francisco Leon de la Barra as interim president instead of letting Francisco Madero the true winner of the previous presidential elections take over. De la Barra had a strong dislike for Zapata and throughout the most intense moments of the revolution had his highest-ranking general Huerta continually pursue Zapata in attempt to assassinate him, which was an utter failure. While De la Barra was controlling the presidential seat in Mexico Zapata was trying to stick to the law and have reasonable contact with Madero in attempts to persuade him into doing what he promised when running for president. At this point in the revolution Zapata and Madero had met many times to discuss when Madero was going to act and start reforming Mexico. As it turns out Madero had been playing Zapata all along and agreed with De la Barra about getting rid of Zapata altogether which was now more feasible after Zapata had thought that the fighting had come to an end when his revolutionary army had started to be disarmed. So, even though Zapata had tried in every way possible to reason with Madero in the end it was wasted effort. Zapata’s forces grew stronger despite this ending when most of the country had realized that Madero was not going to implement any real change in Mexico as well as the growing popularity of Zapata’s publish Plan de Ayala in which he formally announced the revisions needed to end the Zapatista movement.

            The Plan de Ayala was a list of grievances that Zapata and those involved in the revolution expressed and why they were necessary to change.

 

“The undersigned, constituted into a Revolutionary Junta to sustain and carry out the promises made to country by the Revolution of 20 November 1910, solemnly declare before the civilized world which sits in judgment on us, and before the Nation to which we belong and which we love, the propositions we have formulated to do away wit the tyranny that oppresses us and to redeem the Fatherland from the dictatorships that are imposed upon us.”

 

This list included how Diaz and Madero were tyrants who did not care to reform Mexico in the interests of the majority, that the State of Morelos would adhere to the San Luis Potosi, lands taken by haciendas and the government would be returned to the individuals, members who fight in the revolution and may die their families will receive compensation, and that elections will be held in true form with no overthrowing by the government or individuals. Most individuals pledge their alliance with Zapata and had to start enforcing the  Plan de Ayala in which military leaders were in charge of insuring that their assigned areas were following the plan in accordance to how it was listed. This is how the influence of Zapata began to make change in Mexico.

Sources: 

Joseph, G. M., and Timothy J. Henderson. The Mexico reader: History, Culture, Politics. Durham: Duke University Press. 2002. 339-343.

 

Paul Hart, Emiliano Zapata: Mexico's Social Revolutionary. Oxford Univ. Press. 2017. 73-97.

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